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Agriculture Calendar

GENERAL INFORMATION RELATED TO WALNUT SAPLING PLANTING AND ANNUAL HANDLING

NOVEMBER

  • Firstly, it must be paid attention that the walnut saplings bought are grafted, correct to its name, and quality (with grown root).
  • The holes in which the saplings shall be planted must be minimum 60×60 cm. However, the bigger the hole is, the better it is. It must be better to keep them 1.5 m x 1.5 m. The hole must be filled to half with mix of topsoil and 2-3 shovels of burnt animal manure. Burnt animal manure: It is important to prevent the soil to squeeze the root of the sapling and to keep the sapling warm in winter and humid and cool in summer. However, if no burnt animal manure is found, chemical root fertilizers may be used. These fertilizers are 20-20-20, 18-46 (DAP) or Leonardite. These fertilizers must be used by being thrown to the deep of the hole in amount of 150-200 gram.
  • When planting walnut sapling, root pruning is made. Taproot is cut from its end for 1 cm and shortening is made from the fibrous roots with the rate of 1/3. It shall be better to place the sapling so that grafting points shall be 5 cm above the soil and to put annealed soil to the root.
  • The soil is stepped on to prevent the contact of roots with air after planting and sap of 5 litres is given.
  • If the land is windy, saplings are tied to the spikes by them.
  • After planting or in March at last, the sapling must be cut from 40 cm. That is because it may help better nourishment and fast growth of new shoots and roots.

DECEMBER

  • No handling is needed since walnut sapling is in hibernation. Planting may be made in this month as well as November.

JANUARY

  • No handling is needed since walnut sapling is in hibernation. Planting may be made in this month as well as November.

FEBRUARY

  • Top pruning may be made for the newly planted walnut saplings, if no, from 40 cm.
  • Maroon mix of 2% is applied to the walnut saplings planted before.
  • Maroon mix is a mix prepared using eyestone (Copper Sulphate 98%) and limestone.
  • Maroon mix of 2% is prepared in this way:
    Eyestone of 2 kg is solved in water of 50 l. Then, limestone with half amount of eyestone, 1 kg, is solved in less amount of water. Limestone solved is filtered and mixed with 50 litres of water. Then, the mix is combined in a container of 100 litres and light blue mix is obtained.
  • New plants may be planted.

MARCH

  • Walnut sapling handing must be paid great attention in March.
  • Precipitation during winter squeezes to soil and the hard layer must be crushed with manual picking until the end of March. In this way, the water accumulated at the root of the sapling evaporates and sapling root breathes and works. Also, it is provided in this way that precipitation until the watering period is absorbed better by the soil.
  • Top pruning not made after the planting or in February may be made from 40 cm from the graft.
  • If your orchard is planted in previous years, pruning must be made in the same way. Corolla formation in trees starts from minimum 120-150 cm.
  • New plants may be planted.
  • During picking, under-soil fertilizers such as DAP must be put in amounts of 150-200 gr. Instead, fertilizers such as 15-15-15 may be used.

APRIL

  • The bottomg part of the grafting point is frequently controlled and wild shoots are cut.
  • Except for their first day, plantation of open-rooted walnut sapling is not recommended, however, tubed walnut planting may be continued.
  • Potassium Humate may be put with dipping for half kilos per decare. Potassium Humate: Regulates the structure of the soil. Increases the air and water permeability of soil. Crushes the clayey soil which is infertile. Accelerates the segmentation.

MAY

  • 200 cc (for the 1st year) Magnesium is given to the soil per decare with dipping in the first week of the May. This rate increases each year. Prevent weak growth of plants. Ensures that plant benefits from the sunlight in the maximum extent. Forms healthy and dark green leaves. Increases the ability of photosynthesis and provides powerful growth.
  • Watering may be started from 15th of May based on the precipitation. Water amount and frequency may be changed based on the soil structure and climate.
  • Nitrogen-based fertilizers are put 15-20 days after the trees wake up. Trees must not stress due to nitrogen. We put nitrogen once in 15 days.
  • Insecticide is applied if leaves are damaged.
  • If weeds grow around the sapling, manual picking is made. In this way, comfortable root working is provided for the sapling.
  • Tubed walnut saplings may be planted.

JUNE

  • Approximately 20 litres of water is given per tree per week based on the soil. It is for the first year. This amount is increased based on the growth of the tree in the future years.
  • In the first week of June, 200 cc Humic Acid and Ure is put per decare. (For the 1st year)
  • 3Kg Phosphor-based fertilizer is given in the 2nd week of June (for the 1st year). This amount is increased each year. Of course, Phosphor must be accompanied with Nitrogen and Potassium. Phosphor is very effective in root growth. Also provides bloom and pollination and prevent breaking.3 kg Anthracnose drug per decare is put in the 2nd or 3rd week.
  • 200 cc Humic Acid is put in the 3rd week of June.
  • 3Kg Phosphor-based fertilizer is given in the 4th week of June. Of course, Phosphor must be accompanied with Nitrogen and Potassium.
  • Insecticide is applied if leaves are damaged.
  • If weeds grow around the sapling, manual picking is made. In this way, comfortable root working is provided for the sapling.
  • Tubed walnut saplings may be planted.

JULY

  • Watering may be made based on the structure of the soil. Approximately 20 lt of water is given to the soil per tree for the first year and it is increased in the following years.
  • Humic Acid is given in the first and third year of July.
  • Worm insecticide is given in the first week of July.
  • Potassium-based fertilizer is given in 2nd and 4th week of July. The fertilizer must contain Nitrogen and Phosphor as well as Potassium. Potassium has a very special place for the fruits to be fully filled. It must absolutely be used to increase quality in product.
  • If weather is too hot, kaolin clay may me applied once in 15 days and measures may be taken against sunburns. Sunburns may occur both in fruit and tree branches. However, if it rains, its effect is removed and must be put again.
  • Tubed walnut saplings may be planted. We do not hardly recommend since saplings require high handling.

AUGUST

  • Watering is made in 1st and 2nd weeks of August. Water is not made when not necessary then, because trees must be ready for the winter.
  • Humic acid is given in the first week of August.
  • Balanced fertilizer with Nitrogen, Phosphor, and Potassium is given in the second week of August.
  • If weather is too hot, kaolin clay may me applied once in 15 days and measures may be taken against sunburns. Sunburns may occur both in fruit and tree branches. However, if it rains, its effect is removed and must be put again.
  • Tubed plants may be planted. We do not hardly recommend since saplings require high handling.

SEPTEMBER

  • Watering is not made to walnut trees in this month, however, if the season is too arid, water may be given for the sapling to protect its body.
  • Fruit harvesting is made generally at the end of the September.
  • Tubed plants may be planted.

OCTOBER

  • Tubed walnut saplings may be planted.

 

Note:

Avoid excessive water during nourishment. Excessive water: Rots the roots. Causes diseases in plant bodies. Waters off the nutrition. You remove nitrogen and potassium from the roots. Soil cracks and weeds grow up. Root cancer occurs in roots. Bacteria and fungus enters into the plant.

For fertilization, it is important to carry out soil analysis.

Handling of walnut sapling does not change much in other years. However, pruning may vary based on the height and plantation distance of the plant. The points which must be fundamentally paid attention to is to provide sunlight for the braches and prevent overlapping.

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